{"id":49,"date":"2016-06-17T12:11:13","date_gmt":"2016-06-17T10:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/?p=49"},"modified":"2019-05-21T12:13:32","modified_gmt":"2019-05-21T10:13:32","slug":"cfare-nuk-dime-rreth-gjendrave-te-gjirit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/cfare-nuk-dime-rreth-gjendrave-te-gjirit\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7far\u00eb nuk dim\u00eb rreth gjendrave t\u00eb gjirit!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Shifrat alarmante t\u00eb t\u00eb prekurave nga kanceri i gjirit vitet e fundit e kan\u00eb rritur v\u00ebmendjen e femrave p\u00ebr kontrolle periodike t\u00eb trupit t\u00eb tyre. Gjendrat n\u00eb gjoks shfaqen te shum\u00eb femra, \u00e7ka b\u00ebn q\u00eb kujdesi t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb i madh dhe kontrollet tek mjeku m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>*Dr. Albana Shahini<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Glandulat mamare (t\u00eb gjirit) jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb integrale e sistemit riprodhues dhe ndryshimet fiziologjike t\u00eb tyre jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura ngusht\u00eb me fiziologjin\u00eb e sistemit riprodhues dhe jan\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin kontroll neuroendokrin. Gjendrat mamare zhvillohen n\u00eb jet\u00ebn embrionale nga ectoderma. N\u00eb momentin e lindjes gjendrat e gjirit jan\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb sistem i deg\u00ebzuar i duktuseve q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb n\u00eb papilen e zhvilluar m\u00eb s\u00eb miri. Disa dit\u00eb pas lindjes n\u00eb t\u00eb dy sekset vihet re nj\u00eb rritje e leht\u00eb e funksionit sekretues. Gjokset\u00a0rudimentare fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb zmadhohen dhe vihet re nj\u00eb sekrecion qum\u00ebshti nga papilat. Pas nj\u00eb jave, sekretimi ulet dhe gjokset vazhdojn\u00eb k\u00ebshtu deri n\u00eb pubertet. Tek femrat n\u00eb pubertet (10-15 vje\u00e7) areola zmadhohet dhe pigmentohet dhe formohet gjiri si nj\u00eb mas\u00eb diskoide me t\u00eb. Gjiri zhvillohet pothuajse paralelisht me koh\u00ebn e ardhjes s\u00eb menstruacioneve.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ndryshimet e gjirit t\u00eb lidhura me ciklin menstrual<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fenomeni i \u201cfryrjes\u201d lidhet ngusht\u00eb me ciklin menstrual. \u201cFryrja\u201d ka disa komponent\u00eb, rritje n\u00eb madh\u00eb- si, densitet, nodularitet si dhe n\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebri. Shumica e femrave e din\u00eb q\u00eb ka shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb fryrjes 3-4 dit\u00eb para menstruacioneve. Fryrja reduktohet me ardhjen e menstruacioneve dhe zhduket n\u00eb fund t\u00eb tyre. Prandaj ekzaminimi i gjirit nuk rekomandohet nj\u00eb jav\u00eb para apo gjat\u00eb menstruacioneve. N\u00eb disa femra ndryshimet e gjirit nuk i n\u00ebnshtrohen ndryshimeve hormonale t\u00eb ciklit menstrual dhe zgjasin p\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb gjata duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi diagnostike. K\u00ebtu r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ka krahasimi i t\u00eb dy gjinjve p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb simetrin\u00eb e zonave me nodularitet, e cila shpesh shtrihet n\u00eb kuadratin lateral superior t\u00eb gjinj\u00ebve. Por n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb pacient\u00ebve, nodulariteti i rritur fiziologjik \u00ebsht\u00eb prezent m\u00eb tep\u00ebr n\u00eb nj\u00eb gji se n\u00eb tjetrin dhe p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb sektor t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb nj\u00ebrit gji kryesisht n\u00eb kuadratin lateral superior. Ajo \u00e7\u2019ka duhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb qet\u00ebsuar pacientin n\u00eb k\u00ebto raste \u00ebsht\u00eb ekzaminimi i kujdessh\u00ebm shpjegimi i fiziologjis\u00eb s\u00eb gjirit dhe sigurimi se \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces fiziologjik. Disa femra e quajn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sensitivitet dhimbje dhe mundohen ta mbajn\u00eb gjirin me re\u00e7ipeta gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Paciente m\u00eb t\u00eb rralla e quajn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb dhimbje t\u00eb padurueshme, duke k\u00ebrkuar ndihm\u00eb nga nj\u00ebri doktor te tjetri p\u00ebr t\u00eb qet\u00ebsuar dhimbjen dhe pasi provojn\u00eb kombinime t\u00eb ndryshme hormonale dhe medikamente t\u00eb tjera shpesh pa rezultat p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb dhe n\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje kirurgjikale t\u00eb panevojshme. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre pacienteve jan\u00eb t\u00eb frik\u00ebsuar ndaj sh\u00ebndetit dhe t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme emocionalisht. Fryrja \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e shpesht\u00eb te femrat q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb lindur dhe q\u00eb nuk i kan\u00eb ushqyer f\u00ebmijet me gji. \u00cbsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak prezente n\u00eb vitet e mesme t\u00eb jet\u00ebs menstruale. Shpesh fillon t\u00eb rritet n\u00eb t\u00eb 40-at dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb para menopauz\u00ebs. Normalisht zhduket pas menopauz\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ndryshimet e gjirit si pasoj\u00eb e shtatz\u00ebnis\u00eb dhe laktacionit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Brenda pak jav\u00ebsh nga konceptimi i shtatz\u00ebnis\u00eb efektet jan\u00eb evidente tek gjiri. Pas lindjes n\u00ebqoft\u00eb se bebi nuk vendoset p\u00ebr t\u00eb pir\u00eb n\u00eb 24 or\u00ebt e para (e mira \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb vendoset n\u00eb 24 or\u00ebt e para) do t\u00eb duhen 3-5 dit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhur qum\u00ebshti. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij intervali gjiri b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb i tensionuar, i distenduar, i madh si dhe shum\u00eb i dhimbsh\u00ebm. Me fillimin e ushqyerjes me gji k\u00ebto shenja stabilizohen. Pas laktacionit gjiri kthehet zakonisht n\u00eb madh\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe konturin e gjirit para lindjes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A duhet t\u2019i ushqejn\u00eb n\u00ebnat f\u00ebmij\u00ebt me gji?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ushqyerja me gji \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00ebne dhe bebi. Nuk ka diskutim q\u00eb ushqyerja me gji jep satisfaksion emocional tek n\u00ebna. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb dallosh n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb dashurin\u00eb e dukshme q\u00eb nj\u00eb bebe shpreh p\u00ebr n\u00eb- n\u00ebn q\u00eb e ushqen at\u00eb me gji dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb s\u2019ka asnj\u00eb dyshim. Ushqyerja me gji \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hallk\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb- sishme e zinxhirit t\u00eb dashuris\u00eb n\u00eb familje dhe luan rol n\u00eb stabilizimin e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Ushqyerja duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb minimalisht 6 muaj pasi jo vet\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr mbar\u00ebvajtjen e rritjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs, por dhe protektor\u00eb ndaj s\u00ebmundjes fibrocistike t\u00eb gjirit si dhe karcinom\u00ebs s\u00eb gjirit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shifrat alarmante t\u00eb t\u00eb prekurave nga kanceri i gjirit vitet e fundit e kan\u00eb rritur v\u00ebmendjen e femrave p\u00ebr kontrolle periodike t\u00eb trupit t\u00eb tyre. Gjendrat<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sq"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions\/51"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alsobi.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}